Bruce, F. F. The International Bible Commentary. New York: Guideposts, 1986.
ESV Study Bible. Wheaton: Good News Publishers, 2008.
Ferguson, Everett. “Persecution in the Early Church: Did You Know?” Available from http://www.christianitytoday.com/history/issues/issue-27/persecution-in-early-church-did-you-know.html.
Gaebelein, Frank E., ed. The Expositor’s Bible Commentary. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1981.
Lockyer, Herbert. All the Men of the Bible. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1958.
Pfeiffer, Charles F. Wycliffe Bible Encyclopedia. Chicago: Moody Press, 1975.